Ord Indwara yo guhangayika igira ingaruka kuri miliyoni z'abantu ku isi.
Kuvura indwara ziterwa no guhangayika harimo imiti na psychotherapi. Nubwo ari ingirakamaro, aya mahitamo ntashobora guhora aboneka cyangwa akwiriye kubantu bamwe.
Evidence Ibimenyetso byambere byerekana ko gutekereza bishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso byo guhangayika. Nyamara, nta bushakashatsi bwigeze busuzuma uburyo imikorere yacyo igereranya n'imiti igabanya ubukana ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo guhangayika.
● Noneho, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwa mbere bwerekanye ko kugabanya imitekerereze ishingiye ku gutekereza (MBSR) “bifite akamaro” nka escitalopram antidepressant yo kugabanya ibimenyetso byo guhangayika.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ibyo babonye bitanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko MBSR ari imiti yihanganira kandi ifata ingamba zo guhangayika.
Amaganyani amarangamutima asanzwe aterwa n'ubwoba cyangwa guhangayikishwa n'akaga kagaragara. Ariko, iyo guhangayika bikabije kandi bikabangamira imikorere ya buri munsi, birashobora kuba byujuje ibipimo byo gusuzuma kuri anindwara yo guhangayika.
● Amakuru yerekana ko ibibazo byo guhangayika byagize ingaruka hirya no hinoMiliyoni 301abantu ku isi hose muri 2019.
Kuvura amaganyashyiramoimitina psychotherapi, nkaubuvuzi bwimyitwarire yubuvuzi (CBT). Nubwo bifite akamaro, abantu bamwe ntibashobora koroherwa cyangwa kubura uburyo bwo guhitamo - hasigara abantu bamwe babana nimpungenge bashaka ubundi buryo.
● Ukurikije a2021 gusubiramo ubushakashatsi, ibimenyetso byibanze byerekana ko gutekereza - cyane cyane gutekereza kubitekerezo bishingiye ku buhanga bwo kuvura (MBCT) no kugabanya imitekerereze ishingiye ku bitekerezo (MBSR) - bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku guhangayika no kwiheba.
● Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ntibisobanutse niba ubuvuzi bushingiye ku bwenge bufite akamaro nkimiti yo kuvura amaganya.
● Noneho, ubushakashatsi bushya bw’ubuvuzi (RCT) bwaturutse mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cya kaminuza ya Georgetown bwerekanye ko gahunda ya MBSR yamaze ibyumweru 8 iyobowe n’ingirakamaro mu kugabanya amaganya nkayoescitalopram(izina ryirango Lexapro) - imiti isanzwe igabanya ubukana.
● “Ubu ni bwo bushakashatsi bwa mbere bugereranya MBSR n'umuti wo kuvura indwara zo guhangayika.”Dr. Elizabeth HogeUmuyobozi w'ikigo gishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku guhangayika no kuba umwarimu wungirije w’ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cya kaminuza ya Georgetown, i Washington, DC, yatangarije News Medical Today.
● Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse ku ya 9 Ugushyingo mu kinyamakuruIndwara zo mu mutwe za JAMA.
Kugereranya MBSR na escitalopram (Lexapro)
Abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cya kaminuza ya Georgetown bashakishije abitabiriye 276 hagati ya Kamena 2018 na Gashyantare 2020 kugira ngo bakore ibizamini by’amavuriro bitemewe.
Abitabiriye amahugurwa bari hagati yimyaka 18 na 75, ugereranije bafite imyaka 33. Mbere yo gutangira ubushakashatsi, basuzumwe imwe mu ndwara zikurikira:
indwara rusange yo guhangayika (GAD)
imibereho yo guhangayika (SASD)
Itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryakoresheje igipimo cyemewe cyo gusuzuma ibimenyetso by’impungenge z’abitabira akazi no kubigabanyamo amatsinda abiri. Itsinda rimwe ryafashe escitalopram, irindi ryitabira gahunda ya MBSR.
Dr. Hoge yabisobanuye agira ati: “MBSR ni yo yize cyane yo gutekereza ku bitekerezo kandi yapimwe kandi igeragezwa neza hamwe n'ibisubizo byiza.”
Ikigeragezo cy'ibyumweru 8 kirangiye, abitabiriye 102 barangije gahunda ya MBSR, naho 106 bafata imiti nkuko babisabwe.
Itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi rimaze gusuzuma ibimenyetso by’abitabiriye amahugurwa, basanze ayo matsinda yombi yagabanutseho 30% by’uburemere bwibimenyetso byabo.
Urebye ibyo babonye, abanditsi b’ubushakashatsi bavuga ko MBSR ari uburyo bwo kuvura bwihanganirwa kandi bufite akamaro nk’imiti ikoreshwa cyane kubibazo byo guhangayika.
Kuki MBSR yagize akamaro mu kuvura amaganya?
Ubushakashatsi bwibanze 2021 bwashize Inkomoko yizewe bwerekanye ko gutekereza byahanuye urwego rwo hasi rwo kwiheba, guhangayika, ndetse n’ubumuga bw’imibereho ku bantu bakorera mu byumba byihutirwa. Izi ngaruka nziza zari zikomeye cyane ku guhangayika, hakurikiraho kwiheba no kubangamira imibereho.
Nyamara, ntibisobanutse neza impamvu gutekereza bifite akamaro mukugabanya amaganya.
Dr. Hoge yagize ati: "Turatekereza ko MBSR ishobora kuba yarafashije mu guhangayika kuko indwara yo guhangayika ikunze kurangwa n'ibitekerezo bisanzwe bitera ibibazo nko guhangayika, kandi gutekereza ku bitekerezo bifasha abantu kubona ibitekerezo byabo mu bundi buryo."
Ati: “Mu yandi magambo, imyitozo yo kuzirikana ifasha abantu kubona ibitekerezo nk'ibitekerezo kandi ntibarengere kumenyekana nabo cyangwa ngo barengere.”
MBSR nubundi buryo bwo gutekereza
MBSR ntabwo aribwo buryo bwonyine bwo gutekereza bukoreshwa mu kuvura. Ubundi bwoko burimo:
gutekereza-bishingiye ku buhanga bwo kuvura (MBCT): Bisa na MBSR, ubu buryo bukoresha imiterere y'ibanze ariko bwibanda ku bitekerezo bibi bijyana no kwiheba.
Kuvura imyitwarire ya Dialectal (DBT): Ubu bwoko bwigisha gutekereza, kwihanganira akababaro, gukora neza, no kugenzura amarangamutima.
Kwakira no kwiyemeza kuvura (ACT): Uku kwitabira kwibanda ku kongera imitekerereze ya psychologiya binyuze mu kwemerwa no kuzirikana hamwe n'ingamba zo guhindura imyitwarire.
Peggy Loo, impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga, impuguke mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu mu mujyi wa New York akaba n'umuyobozi mu itsinda rya Manhattan Therapy Collective, yabwiye MNT:
Ati: "Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutekereza kubitekerezo byo guhangayika, ariko nkoresha kenshi bifasha umuntu kwibanda kumyuka ye numubiri kugirango ashobore gutinda hanyuma bikemure neza amaganya yabo neza. Ndatandukanya kandi gutekereza ku ngamba zo kwidagadura hamwe n'abarwayi bavura. ”
Loo yasobanuye ko kuzirikana ari intangiriro yo gukemura ibibazo binyuze mu ngamba zo kwidagadura “kuko niba utazi uburyo amaganya akugiraho ingaruka, ntuzitabira.”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-11-2022