Hemodialysis ndiukadaulo woyeretsa magazi mu vitro, womwe ndi imodzi mwa njira zochizira matenda omaliza aimpso. Mwa kukhetsa magazi m'thupi kupita kunja kwa thupi ndikudutsa mu chipangizo cha extracorporeal circulation ndi dialyzer, zimalola magazi ndi dialysate kusinthanitsa zinthu kudzera mu nembanemba ya dialysate, kuti madzi ochulukirapo ndi metabolites m'thupi alowe. dialysate ndikuyeretsedwa, ndipo maziko ndi calcium mu dialysate amalowa m'magazi, kuti akwaniritse cholinga chosungira madzi, electrolyte ndi acid-base balance ya thupi.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, chiwerengero cha odwala hemodialysis ku China chawonjezeka chaka ndi chaka, ndipo kufunikira kwakukulu kwachititsa kuti msika wa China wa hemodialysis upite patsogolo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko ndi kupita patsogolo kwa teknoloji, kulowetsedwa kwa zipangizo zapakhomo za hemodialysis kudzapitirira kuwonjezeka, ndipo ntchito ya hemodialysis ya kunyumba ikuyembekezeka kukwaniritsidwa.
Chiwongoladzanja chamtundu wa zinthu zapamwamba chiyenera kukonzedwa
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zida za hemodialysis ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka kuphatikiza makina a dialysis, dialyzers, mapaipi a dialysis ndi dialysis ufa (zamadzimadzi). Pakati pawo, makina a dialysis ndi ofanana ndi zida zonse za dialysis, makamaka kuphatikiza njira yamadzimadzi ya dialysis, dongosolo loyendetsa magazi ndi ultrafiltration system kuti muchepetse kutaya madzi m'thupi. The dialyzer makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya theka permeable nembanemba kusinthana zinthu pakati pa magazi a wodwalayo ndi dialysate kudzera kusefera kwa dialysis nembanemba. Titha kunena kuti dialysis membrane ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri la dialyzer, lomwe limakhudza momwe hemodialysis imayendera. Mapaipi a dialysis, omwe amadziwikanso kuti extracorporeal circulation blood circuit, ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yamagazi poyeretsa magazi. Hemodialysis ufa (zamadzimadzi) ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la mankhwala a hemodialysis. Zomwe zili muukadaulo ndizotsika, ndipo mtengo wamayendedwe amadzimadzi a dialysis ndiwokwera. Dialysis ufa ndi yabwino mayendedwe ndi kusungirako, ndipo angafanane bwino ndi chapakati madzi madzi dongosolo m'mabungwe azachipatala.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti makina a dialysis ndi ma dialyzers ndi mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri mu unyolo wamakampani a hemodialysis, okhala ndi zotchinga zapamwamba. Pakali pano, makamaka amadalira zinthu zochokera kunja.
Kufuna kwamphamvu kumapangitsa kuti msika udumphe kwambiri
M'zaka zaposachedwa, chiwerengero cha odwala hemodialysis ku China chawonjezeka kwambiri. Deta kuchokera ku dongosolo la chidziwitso cha kuyeretsedwa kwa magazi (cnrds) likuwonetsa kuti chiwerengero cha odwala hemodialysis ku China chawonjezeka kuchoka pa 234600 mu 2011 mpaka 692700 mu 2020, ndi chiwerengero cha kukula kwapachaka choposa 10%.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hemodialysis kwachititsa kuti msika wa China wa hemodialysis upite patsogolo. Dipatimenti ya digito ya Zhongcheng idasonkhanitsa zidziwitso zopambana 4270 za zida za hemodialysis kuyambira 2019 mpaka 2021, zomwe zikuphatikiza mitundu 60, ndikugula kokwana 7.85 biliyoni. Deta ikuwonetsanso kuti msika wopambana pamsika wa zida za hemodialysis ku China wakwera kuchoka pa yuan biliyoni 1.159 mu 2019 mpaka 3.697 biliyoni mu 2021, ndipo kukula kwa mafakitale kudalumpha ponseponse.
Kutengera momwe zidapambanira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida za hemodialysis mu 2021, kuchuluka kwa magawo amsika azinthu khumi zapamwamba zomwe zidapambana ndi 32.33%. Pakati pawo, ndalama zonse zopambana za 710300t hemodialysis zida pansi pa Braun zinali 260million yuan, zomwe zinali zoyamba, zomwe zimawerengera 11.52% ya gawo la msika, ndipo chiwerengero cha malonda omwe adapambana chinali 193. The 4008s ver sion V10 product of Fresenius inatsatira kwambiri ndi 9.33% ya magawo amsika. Ndalama zomwe zidapambana zinali 201 miliyoni yuan, ndipo chiwerengero cha omwe adapambana ndi 903. Gawo lachitatu lalikulu pamsika ndi dbb-27c lachitsanzo la Weigao, lomwe lidapambana yuan 62 miliyoni ndi nambala yopambana ya zidutswa 414. .
Mawonekedwe am'malo ndi mawonekedwe amawonekera
Motsogozedwa ndi mfundo, kufunikira ndi ukadaulo, msika waku China wa hemodialysis umapereka njira ziwiri zazikuluzikulu zotsatirazi.
Choyamba, m'malo mwa zida zapakhomo zidzafulumizitsa.
Kwa nthawi yaitali, mlingo luso ndi ntchito mankhwala a opanga Chinese hemodialysis zida ndi kusiyana lalikulu ndi zopangidwa yachilendo, makamaka m'munda wa makina dialysis ndi dialyzers, ambiri a msika ndi wotanganidwa zopangidwa yachilendo.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zachipatala kumadera ndi kulowetsa m'malo, mabizinesi ena apakhomo a hemodialysis apeza chitukuko chatsopano chaukadaulo wopanga, bizinesi yachitsanzo ndi zina, ndipo kulowa kwa msika wa zida zoweta hemodialysis kukuchulukirachulukira. Makampani otsogola m'nyumba mu gawoli makamaka akuphatikizapo Weigao, Shanwaishan, baolaite, ndi zina zotero. Pakalipano, mabizinesi ambiri akufulumizitsa kukulitsa kwa mizere ya mankhwala a hemodialysis, zomwe zingathandize kulimbikitsa mgwirizano, kuwongolera njira, kuonjezera mwayi wamakasitomala akutsika. kugula, ndi kuonjezera kukakamira kwa makasitomala.
Chachiwiri, hemodialysis ya banja yakhala chithandizo chatsopano.
Pakalipano, ntchito za hemodialysis ku China zimaperekedwa makamaka ndi zipatala za boma, malo apadera a hemodialysis ndi mabungwe ena azachipatala. Deta ya Cnrds ikuwonetsa kuti malo opangira hemodialysis ku China chawonjezeka kuchoka pa 3511 mu 2011 mpaka 6362 mu 2019. Malinga ndi zomwe Shanwaishan adawona, kutengera kuyerekeza kuti malo aliwonse a hemodialysis ali ndi makina 20 a dialysis, China ikufunika malo 30000 a hemodialysis. kukwaniritsa zosowa zamakono za odwala, ndipo kusiyana kwa zida za hemodialysis kudakali kwakukulu.
Poyerekeza ndi hemodialysis m'mabungwe azachipatala, hemodialysis kunyumba ili ndi ubwino wa nthawi yosinthika, nthawi zambiri, ndipo imatha kuchepetsa matenda opatsirana, omwe amathandiza kusintha thanzi la odwala, kusintha moyo wawo komanso mwayi wokonzanso.
Komabe, chifukwa cha zovuta za ndondomeko ya hemodialysis ndi kusiyana kochuluka pakati pa malo a banja ndi malo ochiritsira, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapakhomo za hemodialysis kudakali pachiyeso chachipatala. Palibe zoweta kunyamula hemodialysis zida mankhwala pa msika, ndipo kudzatenga nthawi kuzindikira lonse ntchito kunyumba hemodialysis.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2022